Helicopter Flight Training - Helicopter Training Videos (HTV)

Helicopter Flight Training Day 1 - Hover work, Approaches and Patterns...

Student pilot's very first helicopter training flight in an R22 helicopter, in Bend, Oregon, USA. Student is working on his Private and we start at the very beginning...Follow along from ...day 1 to Private Pilot. See notes, tips, related videos & links below.

▬▬▬| Video Content |▬▬▬

00:00 START
00:15 After-engine started checklist
02:25 Automated AWOS Weather
04:15 Reaching to pull anything on lower console - two stages - identify first!
06:25 Make sure frictions are off
06:35 Don't allow the governor to fully race the RPM up!
07:00 Fingernails up so you can only roll down, roll slowly & watch the RPMs
08:15 Turn on Nav and Landing Lights just prior to pick up to notify visually we are about to 'fly'
08:35 Always know where the wind is coming from on pick up and how it will affect you
08:45 Initial radio call - doesn't student sound like a Pro!?
09:02 Make sure you add "Bend" to start AND end of radio call
09:12 Make sure your student/passenger knows what carb heat is before they are asked to pull it
09:23 Pick up - two stage pickup
10:10 Clear your tail before any pedal turn
11:10 Radio volumes - priority on CTAF
12:30 Why do we keep the left door on?
12:48 Wake Turbulence
15:10 On take off - clear above!
15:15 Add more up collective as MAP drops due to increased rotor efficiency
16:05 Downwind Checks
18:50 Approach
19:15 Below 30 knots call out
20:50 Student takes controls
25:05 Great first pattern - low approach only
25:35 Trim Strings
25:45 Delay on inputs
26:20 Pull up on collective on turns to maintain altitude/climb
26:50 Add Bend to start and end of call
27:20 Consider landing options and wind direction
29:50 Go around
30:30 Altitude (500') & Airspeed (60 kts) = safer
33:30 On Base vs Turning Base
34:40 Go Arounds
41:10 Clearing taxiways before exiting a runway
42:45 Student pedals only
43:10 Why we keep heading aligned with movement (engine failure)
45:45 Left foot only pedal turns
46:00 Always clear tail before pedal turns
49:40 Always check we are safe to fly before picking up
51:18 Only loose grip on throttle - two fingers & thumb
51:20 Student on collective only
53:00 Student has collective & pedals
56:20 Student Pickup
58:00 Demos Air Taxi
1:01:15 Tail Resonance or Sympathetic Resonance

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Helicopter Flight Training 2 - More Hover Training, Approaches & Patterns

2nd helicopter training flight in an R22, covering approaches, patterns and hover work. Voice volume is low until headsets are on (6:45). See notes, tips, related videos & links below.

▬▬▬| ...Video Content |▬▬▬

00:00 START
06:45 Headsets on and voice volume audible
07:30 Guarding controls as a passenger gets in and out
07:50 Checklist - go one/two above last line when interrupted
08:20 25 PSI in first 30 seconds or...
10:40 Keep left hand on throttle and Crew Resource Management
11:25 Why we keep our hand on the throttle
12:58 Sprag clutch check
13:54 Why we keep our hand on the throttle FOR REAL!
14:30 Manifold pressure limits for the day
15:05 Rolling up over 80% but slowing the governor
15:40 Memorize last few steps of checklist once frictions off
16:15 Roll DOWN for low RPM warning check - fingernails up
17:00 All the green - but where in the green?
17:30 Volume levels
19:25 Before every pickup - where is the wind coming from?
20:10 Instructor demos a pickup
20:15 Friction off check
24:20 Instructor demos a take off
24:35 Student takes control
24:55 Avoid the flow of fixed wing traffic...
25:20 300' above ground level (AGL) before making turns & clear before turns
26:10 Downwind checks
26:25 Is it a right or left downwind?
26:50 Review your options for landing while on downwind
27:20 Extended downwind
28:10 Base leg - look out for final traffic & other base traffic
28:50 Pre-landing check
29:07 Approach angle - sight picture
29:25 Loose grip on throttle
30:05 Go around
31:22 Plan to get hover and approach work come together
32:00 Upwind leg
34:30 Always check final approach and other base before turning final
35:40 Always check wind on final
36:10 Air taxi over to Bravo taxiway
37:20 Air taxi to hover taxi
38:00 Pick up pedals & collective only
39:00 Pedal turns in hover (student on pedal & collective only)
40:20 Tail wind in a hover
41:40 Tail Rotor Vortex Ring State
42:20 Set down (student on pedals & collective down)
43:50 Hover taxi (student on cyclic only)
45:00 Watch horizon to see attitude & pendulum effect/delay
47:35 Pressure more than movement on the cyclic
48:20 Hover in place during pedal turns (student on cyclic only)
50:20 Set down & pickup (student on cyclic only)
50:45 Loose grip on cyclic
53:54 Hover work (student on all controls)

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Helicopter Flight Training 3 - Camera facing down over controls - pickup/set down, hover & patterns

Helicopter Flight Training 4 - Air Taxi, Quick Stop (Rapid Deceleration), LTE, Hovering & Patterns

Helicopter Flight Training 5 - Takeoff, Approach & Ground Reference Maneuvers

5th helicopter training flight lesson in an R22. Covering takeoff, approach, patterns and ground reference maneuvers. See notes, tips, related videos & links below.

▬▬▬| Video Content |▬▬▬

00:00 Low RPM check
00:35 ...Stow lose items away from open door
00:45 Which runway?
02:00 Conflicting traffic...
02:20 "Standby"
04:50 Clear before entering movement area
06:15 Clear & call before crossing hold short line (even rotor blades)
09:45 Stay in trim for better climb rate
10:05 Avoiding the flow of fixed wing traffic
11:00 Right or left traffic? Downwind checks
11:40 Extending downwind for spacing
13:00 Final approach options & "1 mile final" call
13:30 Sight picture for normal approach (camera angle will look different)
14:20 Collective raised & left pedal added as we approach hover,, means tail rotor thrust increases & pushes helicopter right
14:30 Increased torque makes nose want to yaw right, especially if we have a left crosswind messing with the tail rotor (tail rotor vortex ring state)...
14:50 Cockpit checks prior to take off - a good habit
15:10 Demo of take off - countering the pitch/roll and yaw as the accelerate through Effective Translational Lift (ETL)
16:05 Volume of radios and clearing all around before turning - another very good habit
17:00 Try to locate/visualize the position of aircraft reporting on the radio - part of good situational awareness
17:50 Downwind checks - cockpit checks, wind socks & landing options (runway/taxiways in use/free, etc)
18:20 Discussion of start of LTE from left crosswind
19:35 Demo of landing
19:57 Again slightly different angle from GoPro (mounted above our eye line)
20:40 Starting to pull up collective & add slight forward cyclic to stop the nose popping up
21:50 As the rotor system increases efficiency going through ETL, the manifold pressure drops and inch or two (engine not working so hard) so you can pull up the collective slightly to get back up to your power limit and increase the climb rate
23:05 Add up collective as you turn to compensate for the loss of vertical lift
27:55 Lower hover = less power requirement = less torque & less left pedal required
28:15 "Take off 34" not "Taking 34..."
29:00 Push forward against the nose trying to pop up as you go through Transverse Flow Effect (TFE)
29:55 Fly runway extended center line - be aware of wind drift
31:15 Ground Reference Maneuvers
32:15 Right Trim (cruise trim applied)
32:30 Turn around a point (orbit)
38:30 Keep looking for traffic
39:40 Keep in mind noise complaints by avoiding low & repetitive flight paths
41:45 Try to avoid blade slapping (and so noise complaints) by avoiding shallow descent rate at speed
44:30 Eyes outside, looking for traffic more than usual approaching an airport
45:30 Use taxiways when possible to free up the runway to the fixed wing traffic
47:30 Don't forget to check and disengage right trim (if used) on final...
48:15 Know what the wind is going to do to the helicopter before picking up

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Helicopter Flight Training 6 - Autorotation Entry, Hover Auto, Vortex Ring State & more

Helicopter Flight Training 7 - Flight to New Airport, ALT & Turbulence EPs & Running Landing...

7th helicopter training flight in an R22. Flying to a new airport, alternator & turbulence emergency procedures (EPs), running landings, hover autos, traffic patterns & hover work and more.
See ...notes, tips, related videos & links below.

▬▬▬| Video Content |▬▬▬

00:00 Collective friction on or off? Push knob forward to go (friction off)
00:30 Low RPM warning check
01:05 Situational Awareness (SA) before picking up (runways, weather/wind, traffic, etc)
03:25 Review radio calls (in your head or out loud) before pulling the trigger
04:50 2 stage pickup
05:50 Starting to take on Pilot in Command (PIC) responsibilities (clearing etc)
06:50 Clear taxiway intersections
07:20 Make radio call before taking runway, slow down & don't rush
07:50 Full clearing for base traffic
08:35 Landing traffic has priority
09:35 Last visual check before taking runway
10:35 Try not to bounce cyclic
11:20 Climb to 500' & 60 kts to have some energy & time for engine failure
11:50 Right crosswind radio calls
12:30 Know local airplane traffic altitudes
13:50 Turbulence emergency procedure (EP)
14:35 GPS Nearest feature & making position reports
17:25 Engine temp & pressure at cruise - see if anything changing
17:50 Alternator Warning Light EP
19:50 Watch for traffic when crossing powerline
22:30 Using airport name on Common Traffic Advisory Frequency (CTAF)
23:30 Use size of runway (roughly 1 mile) to estimate distance (how many runways could you fit between you and the airport)
24:50 Wind assessment with no automated weather reporting
25:50 Avoid flow of fixed wing traffic
30:20 No bouncing cyclic
32:20 Assess wind socks in downwind & change runway if need be
36:50 Climb speed
37:20 Cross wind leg
38:00 Learning plateaus
39:20 Low Approach
41:50 Variable local winds
46:20 Hover work - pirouettes
47:10 Difference between left and right pedal turns
48:50 Air taxi - avoid quickstop with tailwind (Vortex Ring State)
50:10 Airtaxi with tailwind - very careful stop
52:50 Radio calls for unnamed taxiways
53:30 Know how much fuel to get back with reserves
56:30 Left cross wind affecting tail rotor performance
56:50 Just speak plain English to ask other aircraft intentions
1:00:10 Use crosswind calls when helpful to the other traffic
1:01:05 Crossing wires at towers
1:03:50 Check fuel status before diverting
1:05:15 Manifold pressure limits go down as you climb
1:05:40 Air moves like water over terrain - downdrafts on lee side
1:07:30 Blade slap - how to avoid it
1:10:25 Crab angle or wind correction angle
1:11:20 Radio call structure
1:12:00 Using wind to estimate runway in use
1:12:40 How to enter traffic pattern at 45 degree to downwind
1:14:05 'Closed' traffic
1:20:40 FAA fuel requirements
1:25:30 Running landing demonstrated
1:33:10 Hover autos
1:35:50 No he didn't
1:36:24 Small cyclic movements
1:36:50 Hover autos with control isolation
1:40:25 Don't focus on the spot on set downs
1:40:50 3 shut down items memorized
1:42:35 Higher inertia rotor systems = safer higher hover
1:43:20 Fuel reserves - planned vs actual

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Helicopter Flight Training 8 - First Autorotation Entry & Recovery at Altitude

Helicopter Flight Training 9 - Autorotation Entry, New Airport, Hover Autos...

9th helicopter training flight in an R22. Autorotation entry, new airport, hover autos, emergency procedures, governor off, traffic patterns & hover work and more. See notes, tips, related videos & ...links below.

▬▬▬| Video Content |▬▬▬

00:30 Be in the habit of always knowing what the wind will do to you BEFORE you pick up
02:20 Use all visual indicators to help determine wind direction
05:00 Good practice to get 300' above the ground before turning (in case of engine failure)
06:15 Get baseline for temperatures & pressures once in cruise to see any trend during flight
07:25 Good habit to verbalize actions
10:45 When to switch frequency
11:45 ALT cation light emergency procedure
16:45 Use the A/FD to learn airport traffic pattern and noise abatement procedures#
20:00 Aviate, Navigate & then Communicate
22:00 Get local altimeter settings from UNICOM if no weather reporting service
26:00 Avoid quick/large collective movements
26:45 Airport Advisory
27:50 Demo of approach with non-standard approach path
32:25 Height = options if engine failure
33:40 Watch out for airplanes navigating roads
34:40 MR Temp emergency procedure
39:00 Autorotation entry and recovery at altitude
49:30 Keep eyes outside on entry to autorotation - maintain pitch attitude
53:07 Nose drop on entry
55:20 Control isolation to work on eyes outside to maintain attitude - student with cyclic only
1:02:40 Things to consider when heading in to an airport
1:05:00 Governor off flight
1:07:25 Avoid blade slap over houses - noise abatement
1:11:20 Autorotation to flare demonstration
1:14:20 Hover autos - don't lower collective!
1:18:25 Rotor downwash diameter
1:19:10 Throttle & pedal work in practice for hover autos
1:24:25 Learning hover autos is hard!
1:26:20 Air taxi & quick stop

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Helicopter Flight Training 10 - Low G, SWP, Autorotations, Hover Autos, Air Taxi & Quick Stops...

Helicopter Flight Training 11 - Autorotation, Hover Autos (camera down), Air Taxi, Quickstop

11th helicopter training flight in an R22. Autorotation, Hover Autos (camera down), Air Taxi, Quickstop and more. Due to flying with one door off the airflow noise it creates means ...some interference in the audio in some parts. See notes, tips, related videos & links below.

▬▬▬| Video Content |▬▬▬

00:00 The allowable to range for the RPM top end is 104% +/- 1.5% according to Robinson R22 Maintenance Manual 2.210 Inspection - run up
00:55 Check not over pulling in a safe stabilized hover - could indicate a problem
02:00 Don't let the wind or helicopter dictate things - you are in charge of the helicopter not the other way round
02:45 Check windsock before committing to runway
03:30 Local winds (thermals) creating conflicting windsock directions
05:15 Try to have at least 300' AGL before turning away from the wind to give you some chance in the event of engine failure
07:20 Aim for 60kts and 300' AGL when turning final
08:50 Most visual glide slope indicators are set for about 3 degrees
09:50 30 kts checks before committing to landing
10:30 Radio calls for clearing a runway
11:20 Practice being able to turn your head in both directions while holding a stable hover (to enable good clearing for pedal turns)
17:30 Maintain situational awareness (SA) and anticipate possible conflicts/issues and plan options ahead of time
19:00 Speak up if you think there might be a possible traffic conflict
20:30 "Number two"
23:35 Demo of Air taxi and quick stop (rapid deceleration)
24:20 Beware tailwind with quickstop - can get you in settling with power (vortex ring state)
27:50 Mention the taxiway intersection if not taking off from the end of a runway
30:10 Move head to help scan for traffic
30:45 Class D airspace dimensions
33:00 Autorotation entry at altitude
35:00 Don't forget to roll off
36:05 Thermals messing with RPM control in auto - consider flights earlier in the day (before thermals build)
37:45 Make small corrections and expect a time delay
39:00 Recognize when conditions are not conducive to training on a particular maneuver (big thermals and initial auto training)
41:05 Get latest weather/airport information (AWOS/ATIS) when approaching an airport
49:40 Hover autos
51:15 Demo Hover auto - focus on collective - camera down
54:30 Hover auto with forward movement

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Helicopter Flight Training 12 - Governor off, Autorotations, Hover Autos, Air Taxi, Quickstops...

Helicopter Flight Training 13 - Governor Off, Low RPM, Simulated Engine Failures, Hover Autos...

13th helicopter training flight in an R22. Governor off, Low RPM recovery, Simulated engine failures, Hover Autos, Air Taxi, Quickstop and more. Due to flying with one door off the ...airflow noise it creates means some interference in the audio in some parts. See notes, tips, related videos & links below.

▬▬▬| Video Content |▬▬▬

00:00 set your radios and navigation on the ground if possible
00:40 verify the details match your intended destination
02:45 get weather and any other preflight items done before rolling up to flight RPM
05:45 know the calm winds runway and listen to taxing traffic radio calls to know which runway is in use
08:30 start to build a mental picture if traffic in the area
09:55 look for traffic in run up areas when departing part way down a runway
15:10 stay aware of vicinity to nearby airspace
16:55 turbulence and low G
17:50 demonstration of low RPM recognition and recovery
19:35 student low RPM recognition and recovery
23:20 keep looking outside, don't be consumed by watching RPM when governor off
24:45 turbulence affects on RPM
25:45 always know where wind is coming from
26:25 demonstration of simulated engine failure
29:25 student simulated engine failures
38:30 estimating traffic closure time
39:00 demonstration simulated engine failure, avoiding nose drop and making mayday call
45:30 things to consider when approaching an airport
49:05 use "standby" phrase ensure 'sterile cockpit' when needed
52:20 air taxi to hover
54:15 air taxi to quick stop
59:10 hover autos
1:01:55 commit first three steps of shut down checklist to memory to secure aircraft before grabbing checklist

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Helicopter Flight Training 14 - 1st Autorotation to Flare, Slope Landings, Governor Malfunctions...

Helicopter Flight Training 15 - Governor Off Hover, Rapid RPM Decay, Correlator Demo...

15th helicopter training flight in an R22. Demonstration of RPM decay, how the correlator works, governor off & low RPM recovery in a hover, flying to a new airport, simulated ...engine failures, running landing & more... Due to flying with one door off the airflow noise it creates means some interference in the audio in some parts. See notes, tips, related videos & links below.

▬▬▬| Video Content |▬▬▬

00:00 START
00:25 make sure fuel gauges match quantity added/ dipped with stick
02:50 good to sense when pulling more power than usual and to know the reason (heavy/hot/high or an Mx issue?)
07:00 fly under airplane traffic pattern (below 1000 AGL) until well clear of the pattern
07:30 know your Vne for the day
08:20 visual scanning technique
10:45 know wind direction using dust and water surfaces
12:00 using flight over a road, noting crab angle to help identify wind direction
13:30 PAVE checklist to identify risks/hazards
14:15 Alternator light emergency procedure
18:20 Airport advisory request
19:00 think about prevailing winds and runways in use when approaching an airport
22:45 add extra 1.5 inches to limit if full carb heat
24:00 aircraft using both crossing runways requires increased situational awareness
29:15 don't be rushed when landing with traffic behind, you have right of way
31:05 demonstration of how quickly rotor rpm decays
33:30 demonstration of governor off during hover and how correlator alone works
38:00 governor off hovering maneuvers
45:30 tip on how to safely clear your blind side
46:25 demonstration of low rpm recognition and recovery in a hover
49:00 demonstration of rotor rpm affects lift (velocity squared)
50:45 student low rpm recognition and recovery in hover
57:10 simulated engine failures
59:15 explaining the minimum altitude regulations for helicopters
1:06:00 running landing

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Helicopter Flight Training 16A - 1st Solo Flight and Demo of Steep Approach

16th helicopter training flight in an R22 - Solo flight and demo of steep approach. Due to flying with one door off the airflow noise it creates means some interference ...in the audio in some parts. NOTE radio calls are hard to hear when student is flying solo due to the microphone being in the instructor's headset. See notes, tips, related videos & links below.

▬▬▬| Video Content |▬▬▬

00:00 we set first solo wind limits of 5 kts to reduce risk
00:15 secure objects in left seat, especially if dual controls are still installed - you don't want a headset falling under the collective
00:20 use 'solo student pilot' in radio calls to help other traffic understand your limited experience and work with you accordingly
00:40 radio calls will hard to hear until the instructor gets back in (microphone in instructor's headset).
02:25 1st solo pickup will feel very different- you will become airborne sooner and it will sit very nose high due to the change in weight and balance - take it slow
15:20 things got a bit congested for his experience level, so the student chose the option of making a left orbit away from the traffic until a safe gap in the traffic flow appeared
19:45 student cleared the runway to the right, unfortunately the instructor was still on the left side of the runway...
21:40 the solo set down can also be challenging with the tail sitting so low
23:30 instructor back onboard (able to hear radios clearly again)
26:40 avoid prolonged flight below 300' to reduce risk in the event of engine failure
27:20 demonstration of steep approach
32:30 no autos as engine just out of overhaul and they don't want sudden low power settings while 'running in' the engine
33:35 come to normal hover before initiating pedal turns if possible, to reduce power and torque requirements

Watch an edited version of the student's first solo with external video and photos here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=krmuq5omOrY&list=PLJ8xtPILNIlijS0y2OG100r5D1nZcYbNM&index=17

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Helicopter Flight Training 16B 1st Solo with External Video & Photos Added

Helicopter Flight Training 17 - Student's First 'Ramp Solo'

17th helicopter training flight in an R22. Student's first ramp solo flight in a Robinson R22 helicopter. A ramp solo means he was solo walking out to the ramp - ...the Instructor stayed inside drinking coffee - so the student didn't have someone watching over him.
Due to flying with one door off the airflow noise it creates means some interference in the audio in some parts. NOTE radio calls hard to hear on this video because the instructor's headset is not on board for this solo.

As there was no instruction going on, from a viewer's perspective this is really just lots of uneventful circuits in the pattern to build solo time & student confidence. See notes, tips, related videos & links below.

▬▬▬| Video Content |▬▬▬

00:00 First Solo startup and warm up
08:15 Solo pickup
10:25 Solo takeoff & start of multiple traffic patterns
15:30 Solo Approach number 1
20:50 Solo Approach number 2
27:40 Solo Approach number 3
49:30 Solo Approach number 4
1:00:15 Solo Approach number 5
1:06:00 Solo Approach number 6
1:18:15 Solo Approach number 7
1:24:00 Solo Approach number 8
1:29:00 Go-Around on Solo Approach number 9
1:34:00 Solo Approach number 10
1:39:00 Solo Approach number 11
1:40:45 Taxi off back to the pads
1:43:40 Solo set-down
1:44:00 Cool down and shut down

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Helicopter Flight Training 18 - Towered (Class D) Airport & Running Landings...

18th helicopter training flight in an R22. Towered (Class D) airport, running landings and more. Due to flying with one door off the airflow noise it creates means some interference ...in the audio in some parts. See notes, tips, related videos & links below.

▬▬▬| Video Content |▬▬▬

00:00 START
00:35 do hover power checks at stationary hover
03:00 demonstration of entering class D airspace (RDM -Redmond)
05:35 try to visualize the layout of the runways and how you will enter the pattern
6:50 know runway widths and slopes to get ahead of possible visual illusions affecting glide path
07:55 how will wind direction and strength affect approach?
08:10 use phrase "solo student" when 1st flying solo into towered airports and the phrase "say again SLOWLY" if need be
08:30 use compass to help visualize correct runway, especially crossing runways
09:15 try to think ahead of possible instructions you might receive so you aren't surprised or flustered. You MUST hear "Cleared to land runway XX" to be allowed to land
10:10 keep in mind the runway you are approaching and your current heading to help keep situational awareness
10:35 don't give up responsibility to 'see and avoid' just because you are at a controlled airport
14:20 if power limited, push forward gently
17:50 sometimes a single controller will run both tower and ground frequencies, and so you may hear ground instructions on tower frequency
19:40 demonstration of slow forward cyclic when power limited on takeoff
21:30 make sure you read back runway number, type of landing and your tail number when acknowledging a landing clearance
26:05 apart from initial contact, don't have to start all radio calls with "Redmond Tower..."
27:10 another helicopter asking for "present position departure" (from the non movement area ramp)
28:10 "Wilco"
30:25 fly full length of runway unless told "early turn" or "turn at your discretion"
31:00 when to change frequency from tower
32:45 not all airspace has standard dimensions
33:25 sometimes best to stay on frequency (when told "frequency change approved") until clear airspace, to hear incoming traffic
35:05 carb heat requirements are based on temperature and dew point spread, but that spread is reduced (generally) by about 2.5 C per 1000' above the reporting station
35:45 keep listening for traffic departing and heading your way
38:35 demonstration (not the best) of running landing
39:45 give space around your calls with the transmit button or you cut off the start/end of your call
41:05 one red (and three white) light on PAPI means slightly above glide slope (above 3 degrees generally) used for normal airplane approach
43:40 traffic already in the pattern generally has right of way over traffic trying to enter the pattern
45:10 airplane tries to turn base behind and inside us on right traffic
46:00 go around practice
49:30 student does running landing
54:35 include base (left or right) in call turning final so traffic know which side of the pattern to look for you.

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Helicopter Flight Training 19 - Avionics Problems, Autorotations & Towered Airport Operations...

19th helicopter training flight in an R22. Avionics problems, autorotations & towered airport operations. Due to flying with one door off the airflow noise it creates means some interference in ...the audio in some parts. See notes, tips, related videos & links below.

▬▬▬| Video Content |▬▬▬

00:00 START
03:40 learning the standard radio phrases and having good situational awareness helps predict and therefore interpret scratchy/faint/mumbling radio calls
05:05 keep radios and intercom at different volume levels based on priority of information
05:50 use compass, hands, kneeboard, airport diagrams, moving map displays etc to help visualize runways in use and how to enter pattern
08:40 avoid blade slap on descent by keeping speed up and avoid overflying houses
16:20 steep approach
21:25 things can be a bit overwhelming when first working with ATC, so don't be too proud to admit if you don't understand (ask instructor or ATC for clarification)- it is the safest option
23:00 straight in autorotation
25:50 straight in autorotation, nose too high during entry
26:40 the start of our avionics problem, the loud intermittent scratchy noise
28:20 straight in autorotation, too slow and low RPM at the end
29:50 remember collective adjustments will affect pitch attitude, through a time delay of about a second or two. Keep adjustments small and look outside to detect attitude changes
32:00 think ahead of possible traffic conflicts that will require ATC to give you instructions - like the left 360 fir spacing with take off traffic
34:40 autorotation - a good one but avionics problem starts again at the end of the flare
37:20 avoid automatic response to tower's traffic advisories- make sure you have the correct traffic in sight
39:00 autorotation and avionics buzz is back
41:50 trouble shooting the avionics buzz
44:10 don't let an issue consume your attention - make sure to keep flying and eyes outside
45:05 problem found - the alternator. Post flight inspection showed a loose connection on the alternator
45:50 electrical fire emergency procedure

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Helicopter Flight Training 20 - 180° Autorotations, Hovering 'Pirouettes' & More...

20th helicopter training flight in an R22. 180 autos, pirouettes, running landings, hover autos and more... Due to flying with one door off the airflow noise it creates means ...some interference in the audio in some parts. See notes, tips, related videos & links below.

▬▬▬| Video Content |▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬

00:00 start of video missing. Starts with straight-in autorotations at towered airport
01:35 don't bounce or bump cyclic - put in positive pressure and hold it there
04:35 in the flare, as the airspeed decreases, you can pull cyclic back more
05:40 straight-in autorotation - to private pilot checkride standard
09:35 straight-in autorotation - make sure to level skids before getting too low, to avoid tail strike
11:05 demonstration of an autorotation with a 180 degree turn (180 auto) - pay attention to the attitude (reference the horizon)
11:40 tower issuing an IFR clearance (for when you start Instrument training) on ground frequency (but also on tower frequency as he is covering both)
14:00 a 200 foot AGL check for practice 180 autos
15:15 experiment with turns in autorotation at high altitude to start with
15:30 two common errors when turning in an autorotation - nose drops and RPM builds
19:55 180 autorotation at altitude
24:00 running landing
27:20 if the instructor is nudging controls, don't let go of the controls unless they say "my controls"
31:40 don't forget to gently lower collective after touchdown on running landing to slow the slide
34:45 try to be more specific than "the airplane" -add position "the airplane taking runway 16" for example
38:35 if doing hover auto after many normal autos, remind yourself NOT to lower collective on the hover auto!!
38:45 hover autos
42:10 pirouettes - hover control and coordination practice
44:00 running landing from hover height

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Helicopter Flight Training 21 - Max Performance Takeoff, Off-Airport Landing, 180° Autos...

21st helicopter training flight in an R22. Max performance takeoff, off airport landing, 180 autos at altitude, autos, running landing and more... Due to flying with one door off ...the airflow noise it creates means some interference in the audio in some parts. See notes, tips, related videos & links below.

▬▬▬| Video Content |▬▬▬

00:00 START
02:15 running landing
06:50 demonstration of running landing from air taxi
11:30 running landing - nose slightly too high on touchdown
14:35 max performance take off talk through and 1st attempt
16:20 pre take off checks catch RPM not in the green
18:20 turboprop airplane patterns wide and at 1500 feet AGL
21:35 pull up to max continuous power to get to practice areas sooner (and practice flying like a commercial operator - time is money)
25:15 once in cruise observe gauge values to detect any trends before they become redline values
27:50 180 degree autorotations at altitude - watch horizon and manage RPM in turns
30:30 anticipate the RPM build when you feel heavy in the seat (g loading) and hear the RPM pitch increase
35:20 demonstration of 180 auto at altitude
37:15 talking through an off airport landing
39:40 always be prepared to abort the approach and know your out plan in advance
40:00 demonstration of off airport landing
44:35 scenario based training (SBT) - consider a realistic need/scenario to add extra depth to the training
48:10 watch out for starting wildfires
48:45 use down wash dispersion pattern to identify light wind direction
50:40 slope pickup- adjust disk as aircraft rolls
52:10 predict where over the ground ETL and the extra performance will occur
53:05 after takeoff from off airport check to make sure no ground fire started
58:40 entering a pattern on a 45 degree entry to downwind
1:03:10 straight-in autos to the aiming points (thousand foot markers)
1:08:20 clear above before climbing (airplanes going around overhead)
1:12:00 air taxi and quickstop (rapid deceleration)

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Helicopter Flight Training 22 - Cross Country Navigation (Four Airports) & More

22nd helicopter training flight in an R22. 1st cross country flight to 4 different airports, pilotage, dead reckoning, VFR flight plans and more... Notes, tips, related videos & ...links below.

▬▬▬| Video Content |▬▬▬

00:00 talking through navigation of 1st leg (heading & start timer)
00:55 when testing carb heat, make sure it closes too before leaving it open (if needed)
01:45 set radios & GPS before rolling up to flight RPM
03:45 work out Vne based on highest altitude & temperature for the flight
04:10 cross check altimeter to known field elevation
06:05 review 1st leg of trip before pickup
06:30 predict how wind will affect pickup
07:30 extra 1.5 inches of manifold when FULL carb heat, but on pick up carb heat assist moves the carb heat down to less than full
11:30 when changing frequency, make a position report call & listen for a response before changing frequency
12:30 opening VFR flight plan with Flight Service Station (FSS) - "McMinnville Radio"
15:25 Aviate, Navigate, Communicate - in that order
16:40 call to open flight plan
18:50 long legs can be a problem if wind correction estimates off - sue 'hand rail' (road and/or a visual cut off like crossing a road)
20:20 when flight planning, direct straight line might not best/safest - use "hand rails" like roads, railway lines, cuttings, even power lines
23:15 combination of dead reckoning & pilotage to navigate
23:40 informal rule for following roads - like driving, stay on the right
23:50 getting altimeter and wind info from an airport UNICOMM- "airport advisories"
24:35 brief yourself on the airport- runways, elevation, traffic patterns etc
26:20 when things go wrong, they often make more memorable learning moments
31:20 displaced threshold
34:40 try to avoid overflying houses when low, if safe to do so
35:25 the compass us only accurate when straight and level
37:15 good idea to update your progress with Flight Service Station if on a VFR flight plan - called a 'progress report'
42:00 know what radio equipment you have and don't have and what facilities are available for use - in this case we could not use the Deschutes VOR frequency as we didn't have a navigation radio installed
45:00 make sure to get local altimeter settings when flying cross country from closest airports along your route
47:30 VORs are places of convergence where extra vigilance and communication is required to avoid traffic conflicts
58:40 power lines, roads and railways, crossings and bridges all make good landmarks to navigate by
1:00:30 make sure you have a map handy
1:05:10 VFR cruising altitudes above 3000' AGL
1:10:05 use the length of the runway as a measuring stick to estimate distance (1 mile average runway length)
1:12:20 use the AF/D (now called Chart Supplement) to find locations of wind socks etc
1:13:15 wind indicators come in a few different shapes - this one is a tetrahedron
1:14:20 good example of why it is best to stay on taxiways and runways at night - obstacles are lurking
1:17:16 stop for fuel and bathroom break
1:24:10 thermals creating bumps, caused by differential heating of the ground
1:27:15 use quiet parts of the flight to get ahead with setting radios, briefing airport information, etc
1:30:25 low G and lee wind downdraft discussion
1:32:15 use some math to estimate distance traveled by using airspeed and time
1:40:10 towers and other obstacles are good reasons to stay at pattern altitude until lined up with a PAPI or VASI at night
1:44:20 stay on with tower to hear incoming traffic
1:46:15 when best to close a VFR flight plan...

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Helicopter Flight Training 23 - Magneto Failure, Governor Off Takeoff, EPs & Autos...

23rd helicopter training flight in an R22 Helicopter. Long cross-country, single magneto, governor off takeoff, emergency procedures, simulated engine failures, 180 autos, hover auto and more... Due to flying ...with one door off the airflow noise it creates means some interference in the audio in some parts. See notes, tips, related videos & links below.

▬▬▬| Video Content |▬▬▬

00:00 demonstration/simulation of reduction of available power when a magneto fails (on the ground only!!)
04:40 using squelch to little to a weak broken signal
09:20 use airport diagram on kneeboard, compass, hands etc to work out entry into pattern with crossing runways
13:30 don't blindly reach down and pull things - it might be your fuel mixture!
16:40 use a distant reference to help hold track/heading
18:20 at night use roads more and less direct for safety
21:25 be mindful of options in the event of engine failure and glide distance
33:40 always be looking for traffic not using/without radios
35:40 hover over hard surface rather than grass for better performance (and reduce dust)
39:23 departing Madras after stop for fuel
41:45 using the MAP limit chart to get an estimate between 4 values
44:45 dashed single yellow line = taxiway hold short lines
48:00 using solely pilotage to navigate
51:00 progress report and updated ETA to VFR flight plan with FSS
52:00 good example of the phrase 'break' to separate two different radio calls on one transmission
52:35 reporting wildfires
54:00 VFR traffic advisories (flight following) from Seattle Center
57:40 VFR altitude rules above 3000' AGL
58:50 simulated engine failure
1:03:45 how DA affects indicated airspeed, versus GPS ground speed
1:04:40 right of way rules
1:06:30 remain well clear of wildfire operations and ask ATC if you suspect a Temporary Flight Restriction (TFR) to be in affect
1:10:15 simulated governor malfunction and low RPM recovery
1:15:20 small private airstrips often don't make good waypoints as they are hard to spot until right over them
1:17:00 minimum altitude regulations
1:17:30 estimating power off glide distance
1:18:45 simulated engine failure - announce target area
1:30:30 displaced threshold markings
1:31:15 governor off takeoff - can consume your attention m
1:35:50 using 'hand rails' like cuttings in trees for navigation and safety
1:38:20 clutch warning light emergency procedure
1:38:50 avoid long-winded radio calls - multiple examples from Malibu
1:43:25 when looking for traffic, look in the opposite spots too - people make mistakes
1:45:00 first 180 degree autorotation to runway, talking about additional 200' check
1:46:45 start with simple and knows first (straight in auto) and then add the new, more complex (180 degree turn)
1:48:55 don't use the phrase "any traffic please advise" - for a bunch of reasons
1:50:10 airplane trying takeoff as we autorotate to the same runway
1:54:20 another straight in autorotation (adjust cyclic to compensate for collective pitch change)
1:56:40 hover autorotations

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Helicopter Flight Training 24 - Off Airport Landings, Autos, Max Performance, Gov Failure...

24th helicopter training flight in an R22. Off airport landings, autorotations, simulated governor malfunction, max performance take off and more... Unfortunately a gap where the door meets the ...frame creates a loud whistle at certain air speeds. See notes, tips, related videos & links below.

▬▬▬| Video Content |▬▬▬

00:00 START
02:25 make sure to know performance capability,
04:15 remember carb heat assist will reduce carb heat as you pull up collective to pick up - so recheck before take off
07:45 simulated governor failure
09:05 low rpm recovery and discussion of causes and of lowering collective and correlator
10:50 clear turns (aircraft overtaking you?)
11:20 discussion of off airport landings
13:00 minimum altitudes for helicopters
22:00 try and to avoid low and slow (hv diagram)
24:40 30 kts good time to decide to abort or commit to landing
38:00 wind checks at 40 kts
41:00 use 'lollipop' turn to help keep track of spot and visualizing a ground track to follow back in
46:00 new spot to practice off airport skills
55:50 max performance takeoff
1:02:40 straight in autorotation - too much time looking in at gauges and not enough time watching the attitude change against the horizon (eyes outside)
1:08:15 demonstration of straight in autorotation

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Helicopter Flight Training 25 - 1st Night Cross Country, Fire Threatening Homes & More...

25th helicopter training flight in an R22. Night cross country & reporting a fire threatening houses and more... See notes, tips, related videos & links below.

00:00 START
01:00 use ...taxiways and stay on center lines to avoid hidden obstacles at night
02:00 hover a bit higher due to reduced depth perception and illusions
02:40 don't forget to properly clear both directions before taking a runway, even at night
03:50 difference between stop and go versus touch and go
04:10 good habit to only takeoff and land on runways (not taxiways) at night due to the guaranteed clearance of runways
06:40 pilot controlled lighting
07:00 verify correct runway using compass
07:15 try not to stare at the spotlight on the ground - look down the runway
07:35 stay aligned with runway centerline until at safe altitude (500' AGL)
08:30 gauge check before leaving pattern
08:40 discussion on engine failure at night - fly higher than normal and aim for well lit areas
10:05 turn cockpit lighting down as eyes adjust to the darkness to have better night vision outside the cockpit
11:05 open VFR flight plan with McMinnville Radio (FSS)
14:40 check actual needle positions of temperatures and pressures once in cruise to identify any trends
15:55 the hazards of flying over unlit areas at night -even with a full moon and clear skies you can have problems identifying terrain and horizon
17:15 fly high and over the roads to help avoid unseen terrain
17:35 takes 30 minutes for eyes to adapt to night
18:20 plan night cross country altitudes using highest terrain in the area (maximum elevation figure - MEF on sectional charts)
18:45 turn on landing light when approaching airports or other traffic to help find each other
19:35 looking for airport beacon at night (green and white)
20:10 activating pilot controlled lights
20:20 stay high (at least pattern attitude) until aligned with runway and then use PAPI/VASI if they have one (good to brief airport in advance)
22:40 aim to land further down runway to keep best clearance in case of too low approach due to illusions etc
23:05 try to put a distance to 'extended' calls - 3 mile extended final
25:00 make the approach slow and to a slightly higher hover at night and try not to focus on the landing light
25:35 'closed traffic' means staying in the pattern
26:15 climb to at least traffic pattern altitude while still over the 'safe' runway before turning into darkness
28:40 above 60-70 kts the vertical stabilizer will keep the aircraft mostly in trim if you step off the pedals
31:00 getting VFR flight following (traffic advisories) from Seattle Center
31:10 you can ask FSS like McMinnville Radio for radio frequencies
36:20 traffic alert - ideal phraseology is "negative contact" rather than "looking for traffic"
37:30 monitor temperature and dew point spread to predict fog forming on clear nights over the high desert
40:00 once on with ATC (center, approach, tower etc) don't change frequency (with some exceptions) without request/notify
42:10 how does airspace change when a tower closes? E or G
44:00 at night it is easy to accidentally knock a radio volume knob as you reach down in the dark to do something else
49:20 requesting temporary frequency change
50:45 head to 'safe' area of airport rather than cutting corners over unlit terrain
52:35 adjust pilot controlled lighting to lowest intensity when on final (3 clicks)
1:01:30 jump in video to nearer Madras (to save camera battery)
1:06:50 pilot controlled lighting should stay on 15 minutes
1:08:15 reading a VASI white over white, etc
1:11:45 taxiway hold lines
1:13:20 startup at Madras after stopping for fuel
1:14:10 tailwind takeoff - experience the symptoms
1:18:13 jump in video to nearer Redmond (to save camera battery)
1:18:30 VFR traffic advisories
1:29:25 MALSR - medium intensity approach lighting system with runway alignment indicator lights
1:32:00 find a road to follow over unlit areas
1:36:40 have runways numbers of intended destinations on kneeboard
1:37:30 again, don't be tempted to fly direct to an airport once sighted at night, consider what is between you
1:40:50 memorize pre-landing checklist
1:42:45 PAPI gives protection out to 4 miles within 10 degrees of centerline on glide slope
1:52:00 checking back in with the lovely sounding controller at Seattle Center for ft traffic advisories
1:53:30 jump in video to nearer Bend (to save camera battery)
2:00:20 full moon may be below the horizon
2:00:40 student spots fire next to houses
2:08:40 911 on cell phone to local dispatch is best way to get all the info passed on directly. But if unable to use phone through headset, contact ATC to report the fire
2:11:20 get as much night time, especially cross country night as you can. - some jobs require 100 and some as high as 250 night hours - and it is very hard to get outside of the flight school

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Fire Spotted by Student Helicopter Pilot on Late Night Training Flight

Helicopter Flight Training 26 - Simulated Engine Failures, Steep Approaches, SRM & More...

26th helicopter training flight in an R22. Simulated engine failures, steep approaches, single-pilot resource management (SRM), max performance takeoff, autorotations, hover autos and more... See notes, tips, related videos ...& links below.

▬▬▬| Video Content |▬▬▬

00:00 START
00:40 always think about how wind and weight and balance will affect your pickup and taxi direction, especially on windier days
02:45 be ahead of the aircraft when turning to unfavorable wind directions for the tail rotor
03:40 consider mechanical turbulence over buildings on approach/departure
06:30 wind correction angle to maintain a desired ground track
08:00 discussion on wind
09:00 simulated engine failure
10:15 try to keep possible landing spots especially when flying over built up areas or inhospitable terrain and maybe adjust track to be within glide distance
11:20 may have to update track on GPS if off course, by pressing Direct To button again
12:20 practice judging distances
13:25 simulated engine failure - consider pros and cons of roads versus fields
18:35 simulated engine failure - always know where the wind is and so which way you'd turn
20:05 always check NOTAMs (Notice to Airmen) and TFRs (Temporary Flight Restrictions), especially if wildfires nearby
21:00 consider how altitude affects strength of head/tail wind
24:00 steep approach - think how the wind will affect the angle
26:50 air taxi and quick stop
28:40 max performance takeoff discussion
34:40 airports not always good waypoints for cross country planning- use roads, railways, wires, rivers, mountains etc use Google Earth
35:40 keep nose from dropping in engine failure to maintain RPM
37:15 discussion of wind indicators
38:10 simulated engine failure
39:45 simulated engine restart discussion and attempt
44:40 discussion of Single-Pilot Resource Management (SRM)
45:50 make sure weather radio volume is lower than traffic radio
47:40 risk management- feel winds out on a normal approach first and then try autorotation if all feels good
49:15 steep approach
53:10 high entry straight in autorotation
55:30 discussion about not focusing on the RPM gauge, but instead listening and feeling to allow eyes to look outside and watch horizon for attitude changes (which lead to airspeed changes)
56:35 another high entry straight in autorotation
1:00:50 hover autos
1:02:35 practice precise placement of the tail rotor as a game to improve off airport tail rotor safety

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Helicopter Flight Training 27 - Running Landings, Off Airport Landing, Autos & More...

27th helicopter training flight in an R22. Autorotations, running landings, aborted off airport, steep approach, max performance takeoff, hover autos and more... See notes, tips, related videos & links ...below.

▬▬▬| Video Content |▬▬▬

00:00 START
04:00 normal approach
08:30 running landing
10:00 "say again"
16:00 running landing
18:15 "line up and wait"
19:15 straight in autorotation
24:30 don't bump/bounce the cyclic
25:00 straight in autorotation (thermals)
28:30 straight in autorotation
38:15 off airport
45:00 go around due to requiring too much power
48:00 use "last call at Bend, say again" to verify position reports
49:50 giving way to traffic already in the traffic pattern
50:15 aim midfield if thermals at the approach end of runway
50:50 straight in autorotation - thermals still making it hard to learn
53:20 demonstration of steep approach
57:00 air taxi & quickstop
59:20 discussion of the expect gust front from the inbound storm
1:00:10 step approach
1:03:10 hover work - pirouettes
1:05:40 working with the glider takeoff opposite direction with good communication
1:06:10 steep approach
1:09:00 air taxi & normal descent to hover
1:10:50 hover autos
1:11:40 aircraft control becoming more instinctive means not having to think so much before making the aircraft do what you want
1:13:50 max performance takeoff
1:16:50 monitor the wind sock - the gust front arrived so abort 180 auto
1:17:00 running landings with air taxi between
1:21:20 demonstration of just the touchdown of running landing
1:22:00 practice running landings from hover

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Helicopter Flight Training 28 - Slope Landings, 180° Autorotations & More...

28th helicopter training flight in an R22. 180° autos, slope landings, running landings, max performance, steep approaches, hover autos and more... See notes, tips, related videos & links below.

▬▬▬| Video ...Content |▬▬▬

00:00 START
01:00 watch out for carb heat assist reducing carb heat when you first pickup...
01:50 know how use of carb heat negatively affects OGE/IGE performance by up to 2000'
02:00 consider how being beyond OGE performance will affect/limit possible maneuvers BEFORE attempting them...
05:00 running landing- always good start if close to OGE limits
05:20 use of 'departing' versus 'take off' radio calls
06:30 never aft cyclic to slow ground run
08:00 discussion on reducing ground run
08:25 two more running landings from low air taxi
12:00 no checkride requirement for 'hitting' a spot on running landing for a checkride
12:50 on checkride if flying non standard pattern altitude, let examiner know it is deliberate and the reason why
13:30 straight in autorotation
15:40 some people use a sight picture to line up target with specific part of windshield for entry, others just 'feel' it out - whatever works
17:30 keep in flare after roll on if still have ground speed and enough height to clear tail (different method if full down)
18:00 exaggerate head movements to show to examiner you are visually clearing
18:40 straight in autorotation
19:20 speak up if someone tries to takeoff while you are on the runway!!
20:45 180 autorotation
23:20 keep eyes on horizon during turn of 180 to avoid nose drop/raise
23:45 climb more in the upwind for 180 autorotations and use close to best climb speed
28:20 180 autorotation - go around due to low rpm on roll out to level attitude - remember to lower collective to maintain RPM while completing turn
31:45 180 autorotation - if RPM/airspeed low, be more aggressive in flare to maintain RPM
34:00 steep approach
37:30 slope operations - consider wind direction (among other things) when selecting a suitable slope
40:25 beware of wet mud sucking the skid down while trying to pickup
41:30 don't turn tail towards the higher terrain
42:35 try holding on one skid to build control and confidence
43:10 slowly lower collective after both skids down, in case of slip/slide
45:00 air taxi and quickstop
46:30 demonstration of max performance takeoff
50:35 left 180 autorotation - watch nose up/down attitude against horizon
54:20 checking out a fire- ground units already on scene
55:45 left 180 autorotation
1:00:15 keep an eye on where light jets takeoff/land for wake turbulence avoidance
1:01:10 right 180 autorotation (listen to RPM decay in roll out to wings level) - go around due to low RPM
1:04:00 right 180 autorotation
1:05:15 air taxi and quick stop
1:06:30 stay over taxi centerline
1:07:30 hover autos

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Helicopter Flight Training 29 - Mock Stage Check, Part 1

29th helicopter training flight in an R22. Mock Stage Check, Part 1. Covering a diversion, simulated engine & ALT failure, distractions, clutch failure, off airport landing, max performance takeoff, SWP/VRS, ...max glide autorotation, governor off hover work and approach, low RPM, autorotations and more...

A 'stage check' is the last step before a checkride (assuming it goes well) and is usually performed by an senior instructor, other than the student's usual instructor. So the purpose of a 'mock' stage check is for the student experience their usual instructor in more in a testing than teaching mode to help prepare for the eventual stage check and identify any weaknesses.

Stage checks and check rides will require some cross country preflight planning. The student has been assigned a short cross country to Prineville for a simulated scenario to drop some fire contract paper work off to another pilot flying a fire contract.

See notes, tips, related videos & links below.

▬▬▬| Video Content |▬▬▬

00:00 START
00:40 check volumes using squelch button before first radio call
03:35 during check ride exaggerate head movements when looking to clear, to ensure examiner knows you are clearing
06:30 speak to examiner prior to flight to determine if they will pull carb heat for you (assume they will not)
09:40 ALT caution light emergency procedure (simulated using circuit breaker)
10:35 simulated GPS failure (causing ALT caution light)
13:00 how to use bodies of water to determine wind direction
13:25 simulated engine failure - verbalize a target landing area and turn towards it
13:55 best climb speed 53 knots
15:00 scenario based training - creating a reason for the diversion to Sisters (a diversion is required for the checkride)
15:15 can you use cell phone in flight? No, according to FCC Title 47 Part 22.925
16:50 asking passenger to help with map is good crew resource management (CRM) but the examiner might not help as he is assessing you as a single solo pilot
17:00 the examiner will ask questions and create other distractions to test your ability to be PIC - pilot in command
18:45 more distractions...
19:45 the diversion requires us to transition (or fly over the top) through class D airspace of Redmond
26:00 don't call 7 mile 'final' - you are not in the traffic pattern area yet
28:00 'departing' vs 'heading'
30.10 clutch light emergency procedure
31:00 definition of "Land as soon as possible" versus "Land as soon as practical"
31:30 off airport landing
39:10 observe downwash pattern in foliage to determine wind direction
39:30 Max performance takeoff
40:30 also use trim strings to help determine wind direction
41:30 settling with power or vortex ring state
46:15 Max glide configuration autorotation
47:10 simulated engine failure
48:20 simulated governor malfunction
49:15 simulated low RPM
53:40 approach and set down with governor off
55:00 pickup and hover work with governor off
56:20 simulated low RPM in hover
58:30 trying to pick up with RPM at idle, despite saying "top of the green"
59:00 air taxi and quick stop
1:02:50 180 degree autorotation to taxiway alpha
1:06:00 hover autorotation
1:08:50 line up and wait on the runway
1:12:00 straight in autorotation

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Helicopter Flight Training 30 – Mock Stage Check, Part 2

30th helicopter training flight in an R22. Mock Stage Check, Part 2. Pinnacle approaches, OGE hover check technique, 180° autorotations (right & left), running landing, steep approach, max performance takeoff, ...hover auto and more...

A 'stage check' is the last step before a checkride (assuming it goes well) and is usually performed by an senior instructor, other than the student's usual instructor. So the purpose of a 'mock' stage check is for the student experience their usual instructor in more in a testing than teaching mode to help prepare for the eventual stage check and identify any weaknesses.

See notes, tips, related videos & links below.

▬▬▬| Video Content |▬▬▬

00:00 START
00:40 make a habit of at least internally verbalizing how wind direction and strength will affects each pickup
0140 be aware of performance limitations and possible causes (max gross weight, use of carb heat, etc)
02:50 the Bonanza pilot's radio calls are an example of too many radio calls (better than none at all though)
06:00 verbalize to the instructor/examiner if deliberately flying slower than usual, otherwise it looks like you are not paying attention
06:30 don't use the words "...clear of the 'active'..." - name the runway to help others know what runway is in use
07:00 running landing
07:40 if below 18" MAP think carb heat (if correct conditions warrant it's use)
08:40 1000' aiming area is a target but not a Practical Test Standard (PTS) requirement - use what you need of the runway
09:20 air taxi to quickstop
11:00 know your OGE performance (-2,000' if using carb heat!)
11:50 technique to check OGE performance using an OGE hover check
13:10 ATC addon for home flight simulators to practice radio calls
13:50 "get there like a commercial pilot "- pull max continuous power
14:00 pinnacle approaches discussed - viewing slope angle from along side landing area
15:30 wind demarcation line discussed
16:30 ridge/pinnacle approaches - consider in/out/abort more than open flat areas, and if require more than 90° turn, maybe over committed
17:30 demonstration of high recon for a pinnacle
19:40 turn initially in to the wind before making a turn when low and slow
21:10 demonstration of OGE hover check
25:00 demonstration of a low approach to a pinnacle
26:50 keep situational awareness without relying on GPS
27:10 R22 IGE/OGE charts - know how much fuel to burn to get over the 'knee' of the chart and get significantly better performance
31:00 discussing autorotation flare techniques/tips
32:30 get used to pulling own carb heat (rather than asking the instructor for assistance) as the examiner will usually not do it for you
34:00 remember to check for any final traffic when turning to/from base leg
34:40 straight in autorotation
36:50 discuss difference between autorotations with power recovery versus a full down
37:50 180° autorotation - instructor recovers and takes controls low in flare (RPM/airspeed was too low)
41:00 make 360° turn on downwind leg for traffic spacing
42:30 180° autorotation
43:50 considerations when turning 180° autorotation ("eyes outside")
46:00 180° autorotation - think about wind drift
49:30 steep approach discussion/tips
51:45 discussion of settling with power / vortex ring state risks during steep approach
53:00 air taxi & quickstop
54:40 max performance takeoff
56:50 avoid flying crosswind leg across runway center line if possible
57:50 emphasis on the word "left" on the downwind call - as not usual place for the helicopter to be
58:25 left 180° autorotation
58:50 runway incursion - airplane tries to takeoff underneath us on short final from a 180° autorotation
1:00:00 air taxi & quickstop
1:01:10 hover auto - coordinate pedal and throttle inputs
1:01:10 starting to fly by instinct (like riding a bike)

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Helicopter Flight Training 31 – Mock Stage Check, Part 3

31st helicopter training flight in an R22. Mock Stage Check, Part 3. Pinnacle approaches, OGE hover check technique, 180° autorotations, steep approach, max performance takeoff, hover auto and more...

A 'stage ...check' is the last step before a checkride (assuming it goes well) and is usually performed by an senior instructor, other than the student's usual instructor. So the purpose of a 'mock' stage check is for the student experience their usual instructor in more in a testing than teaching mode to help prepare for the eventual stage check and identify any weaknesses.

See notes, tips, related videos & links below.

▬▬▬| Video Content |▬▬▬

00:00 START
00:20 power check - high temps, DA and max gross weight = limited performance
00:45 use taxiway to expedite departure/arrival if safe to do so
01:00 check for landing/final traffic
02:10 giving an artificial manifold pressure limit to simulate the need for a running landing (unable to hover due to limited engine performance)
04:10 running landing
09:10 straight in autorotation, over shoot so s-turn, but airspeed too low at 100 feet
10:10 check not only instrument values, but also trend ("65 knots & decreasing..."
10:45 if spot moves down one windshield, add s-turns, out of trim ,etc, if moving up windshield, go for max glide
11:35 airplane taking off without radio calls
12:35 auto entry discussion
13:45 straight in autorotation
15:40 verbalize to examiner if making extended upwind for altitude
16:20 discussion on 180 auto overshoot tendency causes
17:10 180 autorotation
18:20 discussion on rolling on and when to stop flare
19:30 know how much fuel has been burnt and how much weight has been reduced, to get a new OGE hover performance number
20:50 simulated governor failure - governor off operation
21:10 low RPM recognition and recovery
23:25 simulated engine failure
23:45 discussion of roll on recovery - rotor RPM was going high - use collective and retard governor throttle
25:00 discussing pinnacle off airport
25:20 trying to avoid landing close to people
27:10 OGE hover check maneuver & pinnacle recon
28:30 you don't have to make circles around pinnacles if terrain and wind make it unsafe
30:10 demarcation line defined
29:40 when doing low recon, slower allows more time to check out landing options
33:00 OGE hover check maneuver discussion and student practice
35:45 perform OGE hover check forward of demarcation line so not blown into downdraft area for recovery
37:10 don't make a downwind approach (unless light winds) - think of other options or go elsewhere
38:50 demo of approach to pinnacle & discussion
40:00 plan open area for tail to go
42:10 observe wind on vegetation clear of downwash
43:05 be aware of how wind will affect helicopter on pickup
43:30 reminder of how to avoid dynamic rollover
43:40 trade off altitude to build airspeed
44:00 check off airport hasn't started a ground fire with low exhaust and dry grass/heightened wildfire risk
46:35 simulated engine failure - keep in mind wind direction & discussion of forced landing spots affecting route and altitude chosen
48:40 try to get weather while still away from airport, before it gets too hectic
50:10 Landing traffic versus take off traffic - who has right of way?
52:00 180 autorotation - good one & then discussion of flare
54:25 discussion of cross wind affect on 180 autorotation setup and turns
55:50 180 autorotation with S turn to try to avoid overflight of spot
56:45 Need to be within 200' of spot for 180 autorotation on private pilot checkride
57:15 discussion for techniques for making your spot on 180 autorotations
59:45 set carb heat (if required) early while workload is low
1:00:10 plan to deliberately enter autorotation late, to practice S turns to correct an overshoot
1:02:30 detect if short/long early to have time to make adjustments
1:04:35 many steep approaches get too steep - aim ahead of your spot, not the middle, so you have 'wiggle room'
1:04:55 steep approach - just has to be steeper than normal
1:06:00 max performance take off
1:08:10 always clear behind you before take off
1:09:15 left 180 autorotation with radio call to reassure taking off airplane we have him in sight - needed more S turn
1:10:30 air taxi and quickstop
1:13:00 hover auto
1:13:25 discussion on steep approach

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Helicopter Flight Training 32 – Final Flight Before Checkride & Out of Trim Autorotation Technique

32nd helicopter training flight in an R22. Final flight before checkride. Out of trim autorotation, simulated engine failure, off airport operations, slope operations, autorotations, straight in and 180°, lots of ...hover autos, and more...

After completing his stage check, we identified a few areas that needed a little bit of work and this was the final flight to 'polish up' before his Private Pilot Practical Test (Checkride) with an Examiner. The student took his checkride the next day and passed first time, with flying colors.

See notes, tips, related videos & links below.

▬▬▬| Video Content |▬▬▬

00:00 START
00:30 do a power check at the same hover height each time (about 2-3' in R22) to compare 'apples to apples'
01:00 good verbal clearing
01:15 instructor playing more of a role and a check airman on this flight - so letting the student make their own choice and or mistakes...
02:15 use correct phraseology "taking off runway 16..." not "stepping on to"
03:40 discussing compass errors and how to compensate
05:35 compass errors observed in flight
7:15 settling with power or vortex ring state with feedback
10:55 simulated engine failure
11:30 off airport landing with feedback
17:30 don't stray too far from your intended spot, in case you loose it
18:20 keep an eye out for wind indicators like smoke
19:00 make the approach slow enough, early enough to judge wind and power requirements before too low and committed
21:00 keep some airspeed until closer to the ground, to transition from translational lift to ground effect
21:40 put your tail in the clearing
22:30 demonstration of approach to off airport using correct airspeed to keep performance
23:20 if using carb heat, verbalize to examiner you have up to 1.5" additional manifold pressure available
25:25 know where to put your tail to keep it safe
27:20 300' AGL minimum before turning away from the wind (in case of engine failure) and check landing area to make sure no wildfire started by exhaust
29:00 have a plan for traffic pattern entry...
31.20 ...and adapt to 'avoid the flow of fixed wing traffic' and give way to traffic already in the pattern
34:25 steep approach - don't hover taxi to your spot - keep the approach going all the way to your spot
36:00 slope operations - way too fast on first attempt
38:30 demonstration of slope (slowly)
39:30 practice holding on one skid & using cyclic to control balance
40:40 'taxiway holding position' line
43:00 straight in autorotation, discussing flare and level heights and don't forget to make radio calls...
48:25 straight in autorotation - with some S turns
49:30 180 autorotation - forgot to climb more on upwind, so had to make a climbing 360 on the downwind - great job on the auto though
54:20 pull max 5 minute power and aim for around 55 knots for best climb performance
55:25 quick risk assessment of possible runway incursion during autorotation
55:40 180 autorotation - a bit low on RPM - keep flaring
58:00 demonstration of slope operations
59:45 student slope operations & discussion of avoiding dynamic rollover
1:03:40 hover auto, may have not rotated all the way in to the throttle detent, so the correlator may have engaged and pulled the helicopter back up a bit
1:05:00 hover auto second attempt, much better
1:05:50 discussion and demonstration of out of trim in autorotation to shorten glide distance (and slight full down...)
1:09:30 air taxi & quick stop
1:10:35 discussion of out of trim autorotation technique & use of left pedal versus right pedal
1:14:10 hover auto - right pedal must go in as you roll off, not after
1:15:10 hover auto - better

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Helicopter Flight Training – Day 1 to Private Pilot

Helicopter Flight Training Day 1 - Hover work, Approaches and Patterns...

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